UN weather agency issues ‘red alert’ on climate change after record heat, ice-melt increases in 2023

GOMA, DR Congo: Rwandan-backed armed group M23 announced a humanitarian “ceasefire” from Tuesday in DR Congo’s perennially explosive east, days before a planned crisis meeting between Congolese President Felix Tshisekedi and Rwandan President Paul Kagame.
Last week, the M23 and Rwandan troops seized Goma – the provincial capital of North Kivu, a mineral-rich region that has been blighted by war for over three decades.
Fighting has stopped in the city of more than a million but clashes have spread to the neighboring province of South Kivu, raising fears of an M23 advance to its capital Bukavu.
A political-military coalition of groups called the Alliance Fleuve Congo (River Congo Alliance), of which M23 is a member, said in a statement late Monday that it would implement “a ceasefire” from the next day “for humanitarian reasons.”
It added that it had “no intention of taking control of Bukavu or other localities,” despite the M23 having said last week that it wanted to “continue the march” to the Congolese capital, Kinshasa.
In more than three years of fighting, half a dozen ceasefires and truces have been declared, before being systematically broken.
The Kenyan presidency announced on Monday that Tshisekedi and Kagame would attend a joint extraordinary summit of the East African Community (EAC) and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) in the Tanzanian city of Dar es Salaam on Saturday.
Amid fears of a regional conflagration, the 16 member countries of the southern African regional organization had called on Friday for “a joint summit” with the eight countries of the East African Community, of which Rwanda is a member.
According to a local source in Bukavu interviewed by AFP, the city “remains calm for the moment” but information suggests the M23 was “reorganizing itself with troop reinforcements and weapons to go to the front now that fighting has ceased in Goma.”
In South Africa, President Cyril Ramaphosa vowed on Monday to continue providing support to the Democratic Republic of Congo in the face of nationwide calls to withdraw Pretoria’s troops following the deaths of 14 South African soldiers.
Most of those killed were part of an armed force sent to the eastern DRC in 2023 by the SADC bloc.
“A ceasefire is a necessary precondition for peace talks that must include all parties to the conflict whether they are state or non-state actors, Congolese or non-Congolese,” Ramaphosa said.
“Diplomacy is the most sustainable pathway to achieving a lasting peace for the DRC and its people.”
Amid an ongoing war of words between Ramaphosa and Kagame, Rwandan government spokeswoman Yolande Makolo reacted strongly to the South African leader’s statement.
“You are sending your troops to fight Tshisekedi’s war to kill his own people,” she said to Ramaphosa on X.
Kagame has said that South African troops have no place in eastern DRC and are a “belligerent force engaging in offensive combat operations to help the DRC government fight against its own people.”
A UN expert report said last year that Rwanda had up to 4,000 troops in the DRC, seeking to profit from the mining of minerals – and that Kigali has “de facto” control over the M23.
Eastern DRC has deposits of coltan, the metallic ore that is vital in making phones and laptops, as well as gold and other minerals.
Rwanda has never admitted to military involvement in support of the M23 group and alleges that the DRC supports and shelters the FDLR, an armed group created by ethnic Hutus who massacred Tutsis during the 1994 Rwandan genocide.
South Africa dominates the SADC force, which is estimated to number around 1,300 troops, but Malawi and Tanzania also contribute soldiers.
The United States announced Monday it was further reducing its staff at its embassy in Kinshasa.

COPENHAGEN: Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen was due on Tuesday to meet UK counterpart Keir Starmer, as she seeks European support to counter US President Donald Trump’s remarks about taking over Greenland.
The meeting in London will focus on “security in Europe,” according to Frederiksen’s office.
While the statement did not specifically mention Greenland — which is an autonomous Danish territory — or the United States, Frederiksen was quoted saying: “We need a stronger Europe that contributes more to NATO and stands more on its own.”
“At the same time, we must do our part to maintain the transatlantic partnership that has been the foundation for peace and prosperity since World War II,” Frederiksen added.
Trump has repeatedly signalled that he wants the Arctic island — which is strategically important and is believed to hold large untapped mineral and oil reserves — to become part of the United States.
In an interview with broadcaster Fox News over the weekend, US Vice President J.D. Vance said Greenland was “really important” to US “national security.”
“Frankly, Denmark, which controls Greenland, it’s not doing its job and it’s not being a good ally,” Vance said.
On Monday, Frederiksen insisted Denmark was “one of the United States’ most important and best allies.”
Last week, she visited Paris and Berlin to seek backing from the European Union’s traditional powerhouses against Trump’s threats.
A day after Trump was sworn in as president, Greenland Prime Minister Mute Egede insisted that Greenlanders “don’t want to be American.”
Danish leaders have insisted that Greenland belongs to the Greenlanders